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Learning through cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains: Understanding undergraduate engineering students’ perspectives in the United States

Shirsha Mukherjee1, Javeed Kittur2,*

1Engineering Physics, Gallogly College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman 73019, Oklahoma, USA

2Engineering Pathways, Gallogly College of Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman 73019, Oklahoma, USA



Engineering Education Review 2025, 3(1); https://doi.org/10.54844/eer.2025.0916
Submitted30 Mar 2026
Revised30 Mar 2026
Accepted30 Mar 2026
Published30 Mar 2026
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Cite This Article
Abstract

This study explores engineering students’ perceptions of their learning experiences across the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains, as defined by Bloom’s Taxonomy. Despite extensive research on the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains of learning, there remains a gap in understanding how engineering students perceive their abilities within these learning frameworks, particularly in relation to teaching methodologies. The research aims to address the following questions: How do engineering students perceive their learning in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains? A survey instrument was developed, consisting of 18 items across the three learning domains. The survey was administered to engineering students who had experience as teaching assistants, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to examine the factor structure of the instrument. Data were collected from 115 participants after cleaning. Skewness and kurtosis checks confirmed the assumption of normality, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity, along with the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test, confirmed the appropriateness of factor analysis. Three distinct factors emerged from the EFA: the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha, with values ranging from 0.63 to 0.73, indicating good reliability. The findings suggest that students report higher confidence in applying knowledge in new situations, receiving knowledge, and valuing their own learning outcomes. This study contributes to the field by providing a deeper understanding of how students perceive their learning across different domains, paving the way for more targeted and effective educational strategies in engineering programs.

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Copyright: © by the authors. Licensee ISTS. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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